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IEA:全球电力需求将在2021年反弹

IEA:全球电力需求将在2021年反弹

原标题:IEA:全球电力需求将在2021年反弹

    中国石化新闻网讯 据阿拉伯贸易12月17日消息称,根据国际能源署(IEA)的一份新报告,在经历了几十年来最大的降幅后,全球电力需求预计将在明年温和反弹,主要由中国、印度和其他新兴经济体引领。

    IEA首份电力市场报告称,新冠肺炎危机带来的历史性冲击将导致2020年全球电力需求下降2%。随着2021年世界经济的复苏,预计电力需求将增长3%左右。这将大大低于2010年全球金融危机后需求反弹超过7%的水平。到2020年,中国将是唯一一个电力需求增加的主要经济体。

    然而,其2%左右的预期增长率远低于近期6.5%的平均水平。包括美国、印度、欧洲、日本、韩国和东南亚在内的其他用电大户,今年全年都将经历用电下降。

    据预测,2020年可再生能源(如水电、风能和太阳能)的发电量将增长近7%,从而挤压传统能源发电。燃煤发电量将下降5%左右,这是有史以来的最大降幅; 核电发电量下降4%左右;燃气发电量提高2%。总体而言,到2020年,发电产生的二氧化碳排放量将下降5%。

    IEA执行主任法提赫?比罗尔博士表示:“电力在当今能源世界中扮演着核心角色——随着清洁能源转型的加速,这一角色的重要性只会上升。根据现有的最新数据,IEA的新电力市场报告对这一关键领域提供了新的见解。从明年开始,我们将每半年出版一个新版本的报告。”

    需求下降、燃料价格下降和可再生能源发电的增加,已经拉低了2020年的批发电价。IEA电力批发市场价格指数跟踪主要发达经济体的价格走势,该指数显示,继2019年下跌12%之后,今年平均下跌28%。

    2021年,可再生能源发电的增长预计将保持在6%以上,将可再生能源在电力结构中的份额从2020年的28%扩大到29%。由于法国和日本的反弹,以及中国和阿联酋的新核电站即将上线,明年的核电增长预计将达到2.5%。

    在发达经济体,可再生能源和核能的发展将继续缩小化石燃料剩余的发电空间。由于预计天然气价格将上涨,天然气受到的影响可能比煤炭更大。在新兴和发展中经济体,预计需求增长将超过可再生能源和核能的增长,为煤炭和天然气发电留下一定的扩张空间。

    朱佳妮 摘译自 阿拉伯贸易

    原文如下:

    Global electricity demand to rebound in 2021: IEA

    After experiencing its biggest decline in decades, global electricity demand is expected to rebound modestly next year, led by growth in China, India and other emerging economies, according to a new report by the International Energy Agency (IEA).

    The historic shock of the Covid-19 crisis is set to result in a 2% decline in global electricity demand in 2020, according to the IEA’s first ever Electricity Market Report. With the recovery of the world economy in 2021, electricity demand is forecast to grow by around 3%. That would be significantly weaker than the rebound in demand of over 7% in 2010, the year following the global financial crisis. China will be the only major economy to see higher electricity demand in 2020.

    However, its expected growth of around 2% is well below its recent average of 6.5%. Other big electricity consumers including the US, India, Europe, Japan, Korea and Southeast Asia are all set to experience declines for the year as a whole.

    Electricity generation from renewable energy – such as hydropower, wind and solar – is forecast to grow by almost 7% in 2020, squeezing conventional power sources. Coal-fired generation is set to fall by around 5%, the largest decrease on record; nuclear power generation by around 4%; and gas-fired electricity generation by 2%. Overall, CO2 emissions from electricity generation are on course to fall by 5% in 2020.

    “Electricity has a central role in today’s energy world – a role that will only increase in importance as clean energy transitions accelerate,” said Dr Fatih Birol, the IEA’s Executive Director. “Based on the very latest data available, the IEA’s new Electricity Market Report provides fresh insights on this critical sector. Starting next year, we will publish a new edition of the report on a half-yearly basis.”

    Falling demand, lower fuel prices and the increase in renewable generation have dragged down wholesale electricity prices in 2020. The IEA’s wholesale electricity market price index, which tracks price movements in major advanced economies, shows an average price decline of 28% this year, after having already fallen by 12% in 2019.

    The growth of renewable power generation is forecast to continue in 2021 with an increase of more than 6%, expanding the share of renewables in the power mix to 29% from 28% in 2020. Nuclear power is set for growth of 2.5% next year on rebounds in France and Japan and new plants coming online in China and the UAE.

    In advanced economies, the growth of renewables and nuclear power will continue to shrink the space remaining for fossil fuel generation. Natural gas is likely to be impacted more than coal as a result of an expected rise in natural gas prices. In emerging and developing economies, demand growth is forecast to outpace increases in renewables and nuclear power, leaving some room for coal and gas generation to expand.

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